G2

a. One formal, constitutional power of the president in foreign policy is the ability to make treaties. While congress must ratify these treaties, it is the president who must negotiate the terms. The president also has the  constitutional power of appointing ambassadors  He (soon to be she) can only decide, even if he can't confirm appointments, who the American ambassadors will be. Therefore, there will never be an appointed ambassador that the president doesn't approve of.

b. Congress has at least two consitutional powers in foriegn policy. Congress, and only congress, can ratify a treaty. So even if the president is all gungho, congress must approve. Also, congress has to confirm all of the president's appointments including ambassadors, meaning that they have influence over who he picks because he needs to pick someone who will be approved. Congress, and only Congress, can declare war

c. The president can informally send troops without Congress declaring war because he is commander in chief. The president can also make executive agreements, different from treaties, with other heads of nations, without Congress' approval.

d. While congress does have checks over the president, his informal powers can trump those checks. Or at least find loop holes in them. Even though congress has to declare war officially, the president can deploy troops anyway. And if Congress won't be in favor of a treaty, the president can make an executive agreement without them. Through these two powers, the president informally has greater foreign policy power than Congress