G15

a. A balanced budget exists when what you pay equals what you spend/
b. Federal entitlements are guaranteed benefits for people who meet requirements.
c. Medicaid, a federal health insurance, is a federal entitlement. Entitlements such as Medicaid almost certainly prohibit a balanced budget because the government has to pay for lots of people's Medicaid, while those people aren't paying the government for this service.
d. A consequence of a large budget deficit is that we, as a country, invest less in research. There are so many things that come before research on the priority list that it becomes underfunded, However  research leads to our country moving forward in renewable energy, space exploration  etc.  When we are in lots od debt, our national innovation takes a step back.
e. The projected revenue from 2012 was 5.1 trillion dollars, according to http://www.usgovernmentrevenue.com/total_2012USrt_13rs1n , the total spending in 2012 was 6.2 trillion, according to http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/total_spending_2012USrn, and finally the national debt was 1,069 billion dollars in 2012, according to http://www.usgovernmentdebt.us/us_deficit.
f. Today's national debt is $16,432,705,914,000 according to http://www.usgovernmentdebt.us/